The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently announced a ban on Red Dye No. 3 (also known as FD&C Red No. 3 or erythrosine) in food and ingested drugs due to health concerns.

In this post, we'll break down everything you need to know about this ban — from the health concerns behind the decision to practical tips for avoiding this controversial ingredient until the ban fully takes place.

Whether you're a health-conscious consumer, a parent worried about food additives, or simply curious about what goes into your food, this guide will help you navigate the changing landscape of food safety and make informed choices for you and your family.

Why is Red Dye No. 3 being banned?

The FDA's decision stems from health concerns associated with this synthetic dye. Studies have shown that Red Dye No. 3 may cause cancer in laboratory animals, particularly thyroid cancer in male rats when exposed to high doses. While there's no definitive evidence of cancer risk in humans, the FDA is taking precautionary measures to protect public health.

Additionally, concerns have been raised over the years about children’s exposure to Red Dye No. 3 and its possible link to hyperactivity. However, a 2011 FDA review found no evidence of a direct connection between hyperactivity and color additives.

In its decision to ban Red Dye No. 3, the FDA cited the Delaney Clause as the primary reason. The Delaney Clause, enacted in 1960 as part of the Color Additives Amendment to the FD&C Act, states that the FDA cannot approve a food or color additive if it has been shown to cause cancer in people or animals. This isn't the first time the FDA has used this rule to ban an ingredient. In 2018, the FDA banned some artificial flavors because they could be linked to cancer.

How does this affect your favorite foods?

Thankfully, many manufacturers have already shifted away from using Red Dye No. 3 over the years due to consumer pushback. However, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's FoodData Central database, as of a few years ago, more than 8,000 branded food products still contained Red Dye No. 3.

Here are some common products that may contain this dye:

• Sprinkles and icings
• Baking mixes and cereals
• Berry- and cherry-flavored candies
• Strawberry milk and ice cream
• Peppermint candies
• Soda, fruit and vegetable juices
• Fruit cocktails
• Cookies and biscuits
• Maraschino cherries (Hello Shirley Temples and milkshakes!)
• Processed meats like smoked sausages and bacon
• Chewing gum and mints
• Seasoning mixes and marinades

Not everything in the marketplace containing Red Dye No. 3 falls into the food categories listed above. The dye is also commonly used in drugs and dietary supplements to color pills. If you're unsure, it's best to check the product's ingredient label before purchasing.

Keep in mind, Red Dye No. 3 may also be listed as "Red No. 3," "Red 3" or "Red #3,” “FD&C Red No. 3” or “erythrosine” on ingredient labels, so you may need a bit of an eagle eye to find it.

Food manufacturers have until January 15, 2027, to remove Red Dye No. 3 from their products, while pharmaceutical companies have until January 18, 2028, for ingestible medications.

Tips to avoid products containing Red Dye No. 3

If you're concerned about consuming products with Red Dye No. 3 before the ban takes full effect, here are some simple tips:

• Read Labels Carefully: Examine ingredient lists for terms like "Red 3," "FD&C Red No. 3," or "erythrosine."
• Choose Naturally Colored Products: Opt for items that use natural colorants such as beet juice, turmeric, or paprika.
• Be Cautious with Imported Goods: Ensure that imported foods comply with U.S. regulations, as some countries may still permit the use of Red Dye No. 3.
• Be aware of unexpected sources: Remember that Red Dye No. 3 can be found in savory foods and even some protein shakes.

If you're concerned about medications containing this dye, discuss alternatives with your doctor or pharmacist.

What's next?

While the FDA's decision is a significant step, it's worth noting that other food dyes remain approved for use. These include Red 40 (a common replacement for Red Dye No. 3,) Blue 1, Yellow 5, and Yellow 6.

As research continues, stay informed about the potential health impacts of food additives and make choices that align with your health goals.

Remember, this ban is part of ongoing efforts to ensure food safety. By staying informed and making mindful choices, you can navigate these changes and maintain a healthy diet.